Candida
albicans and candida tropicalis are the names given to common
yeasts that live within our intestines and certain mucous membranes,
the throat, for example. Everyone has candida within them: we
are born with it. Candida usually lives at peace with our other
intestinal fauna, the acidophilus and bifido bacteria, and it
is these bacterial residents that keep candida under control,
preventing a "population burst." Candida's function
in the body is mainly to gobble up any putrefied food matter in
our digestive system (mostly caused by improper digestion due
to low stomach acid) before any potentially harmful bacteria can
have a feast, multiply, and become threatening to our health.
After we die, candida acts to decompose the body, feeding off
our corpse, much like a fungal mold on a dead tree. Candida is
usually kept in check by the gastrointestinal "good"
bacteria and the immune system, but trouble can arise when certain
conditions are present. It is in the presence of these conditions
that candida can begin growing out of control in the intestines,
branching out and colonizing the gut. In this process, candida
can eat away at the intestinal walls, spread into the bloodstream,
and infiltrate other tissues. The normally benign yeast has literally
transformed itself into an aggressive, destructive, fungal pathogen
that can cause a variety of seemingly unrelated health problems.
This condition/disease is known as systemic candidiasis.
SYMPTOMS
& CAUSES
Systemic
candidiasis, as a separate disease, was not recognized or defined
until the 1980's, mostly because its symptoms were so varied and
duplicated those of other illnesses, leading doctors to conclude
that the patient was suffering from, for example, sinusitis instead
of yeast infiltration of the nasal passages. Additionally, since
one of the main causes of systemic candidiasis are doctor prescribed
antibiotics, which kill the intestinal bacteria that control candida,
the medical profession was probably not too eager to admit the
existence of this disease. Diagnoses of candidiasis were limited
to its visible manifestations, e.g., a vaginal or oral yeast infection.
Treatment was directed towards eradicating these conditions alone
without addressing the reality of a more serious, but hidden,
infection.
The
symptoms of candidiasis, and their severity, vary from person
to person but the main ones are: chronic fatigue, especially after
eating, depression, craving for breads and sugars (yeast eats
sugar), extreme mood swings, feelings of rage, especially after
eating sugary foods, feeling "drunk" after eating a
meal high in carbohydrates (candida's waste is alcohol), hypoglycemia,
excessive mucous of the throat, nose, and lungs, chronic fungal
infections of the skin (jock itch, athlete's foot) or vaginal/oral
thrush, diarrhea, anal itching, short-term memory loss, feeling
"spacy," and bloating or gassiness after eating.
In
addition to these, lymphatic swelling, difficult PMS, night sweats,
chest and joint pain, memory loss, incoordination, blurred vision,
intense, random headaches, intermittent vertigo, insomnia, sneezing
fits, and increased food allergies are also fairly common. A person
tends to get extremely sensitive to damp, mildewy environments
and, sometimes, to extreme humidity as well as perfumes, colognes,
and smoke. Since candida can infiltrate the urinary tract, acute
kidney infections, cystitis, and prostatitis are possible.
While
these symptoms can indicate other illnesses, if certain factors
are present in one's personal history the symptoms are likely
to indicate candida overgrowth. These factors are:
Prolonged,
or repeated, use of antibiotics, corticosteroid drugs, and/or
birth control pills, at any time in the past,
a
diet high in processed sugars which encourages candida growth,
and
preexisting
immunosuppression caused by drug or alcohol abuse, multiple
blood transfusions, debilitating illness, organ transplants,
or chemotherapy. All three are NOT required to bring on a
case of candidiasis: excessive "sugar binging" can
cause it just as surely as antibiotics can. Pregnancy also
predisposes women to the condition since pregnancy alters
the body's delicate hormonal and pH balance: candida thrives
in an alkaline environment.
Contributing
factors are
low
stomach acidity leading to poorly digested food and
improper
bowel movements leading to prolonged retention of fecal matter
in the colon: these conditions promote yeast overgrowth.
A
20TH CENTURY DISEASE
Candidiasis
is truly a modern disease, brought on by medical "innovations"
like antibiotics and the Pill and a more "civilized"
diet of refined, sugary foods and candy. In some naturopathic
circles, the illness is derisively known as "Candy Disease."
In
all seriousness, however, candidiasis is a serious condition for
two main reasons:
It
often goes undiagnosed, allowing the yeast to spread unhampered,
and
the
numerous symptoms it produces severely tax the immune system,
forcing it to deal with, not only the yeast infection, but
the other conditions the yeast causes. A truly vicious cycle
can ensue: a person is weakened by a candida caused problem,
say cystitis, and goes to a doctor who then prescribes antibiotics
for it. The drugs kill off more of the intestinal bacteria
which control candida, making the candida overgrowth worse,
leading to more infections and more antibiotics, etc. At its
most destructive, candida can exhaust the adrenal glands,
leading to Addison's disease, can interfere with digestion
so much that virtually no nutrients are absorbed from food,
and can cause life threatening infestations of the vital organs
and the brain.
TREATMENTS
& RECOVERY
The
standard allopathic treatment for candidiasis is the drug Nystatin,
a mold which inhibits the growth of other molds like candida.
Two other popular drugs are Nizoral and Fluconazole. While these
drugs certainly kill candida, they do not work forever due to
candida's ability to mutate into drug resistant strains, nor do
they prevent candida from coming back.
Natural
therapies are the most potent and effective weapons against this
disease and recovery time lasts about 6 to 12 months (or longer
depending on the length of time one has had the condition and
the severity of symptoms). This might seem long, but once candida
has colonized the body, it takes quite an effort to drive it out.
Let's now take a look at the natural therapies most effective
against this adaptable and extremely tenacious invader.
DIGESTION
The
key to conquering candida is in cleaning up the digestive system,
the ultimate source of the problem. In general, one must avoid
constipation at all costs so high water (4-5 glasses a day) and
adequate fiber intake is recommended. Drinking lots of water will
also help flush the dead yeast cells out of your system as you
progress with your treatment. If diarrhea is a problem, psyllium
or yellow dock herb, both available in capsule form, will tighten
the colon. These two herbs are also effective for constipation
they are bowel regulators. Yellow dock is also known as
a blood builder, effective for anemia and low white blood cell
counts. If you decide to take yellow dock, be sure to take it
separately from any herb containing tannic acid to avoid stomach
upset.
Supplementation
with acidophilus and bifido bacteria is essential to recolonize
the intestines. While these bacteria will not kill candida, they
inhibit candida's growth and, generally, clean up the bowels,
making it more difficult for candida to thrive. Look for a high
potency supplement, either freeze dried or refrigerated, made
without cow's milk. You will need to supplement heavily with these
"probiotics" throughout your recovery and well after
all your symptoms have gone. Chlorophyll-rich foods, like leafy
green vegetables and alfalfa, also promote acidophilus growth
and discourage yeast reproduction.
Proper
food digestion is an absolute MUST as nothing makes candida happier
than putrefied, poorly digested food. Unless you have an ulcer,
consider taking a digestive enzyme supplement with hydrochloric
acid (HCL) immediately before or after each meal. If you have
an ulcer, look for digestive enzyme supplements without HCL. Plant
enzyme supplements are excellent. Both pancreatin and plant enzymes
can be taken between meals to hinder yeast growth. Using digestive
enzymes will help your condition dramatically and also take some
stress off your pancreas which might be weary from dealing with
possible candida-caused hypoglycemia. (If you notice any stomach
irritation when using HCL supplements, cut back on the dose at
once to prevent possible ulcer formation.)
If
enzyme supplements are not available, a cup of German chamomile
tea just before or after eating will stimulate HCL production
by the stomach. Chamomile will also ease any gassiness and/or
bloating and contains potent anti-candida compounds. If you have
a history of ragweed allergy do not use chamomile; fennel or cardamon
are fine substitutes. Another herb to consider for digestion is
wormwood. Wormwood, while extremely bitter, is probably the best
digestive herb around, stimulating HCL and bile production. SIde
benefits of wormwood are ridding you of any parasites, gas, nervousness,
and weak stomach. Wormwood extract or tincture can be found at
any health food store; take the recommended dose just before eating
in a little water. CAUTION: Wormwood should not be used by pregnant
women.
Since
the liver can get overburdened with candida's toxins because it
filters the blood, cleansing this organ is essential for your
recovery. Daily supplementation with hepatic herbs like, dandelion
root, golden seal, wormwood, barberry, Oregon grape root, or bayberry,
is highly recommended. Again, the need for increased water intake
is emphasized here to facilitate internal cleansing. CAUTION:
Avoid goldenseal and barberry if you are pregnant.
DIETARY
DO'S AND DONT'S
Since
candida loves sugar, it must be avoided in all its forms (dextrose,
sucrose, glucose, maltose, lactose, fructose). Say goodbye to
all fruits, except the low sugar ones like strawberries, cherries,
and papayas which can be eaten in strict moderation. Read the
label of every food product you buy to be sure there is no added
sugar (a near impossible task these days!).
As
you'll see below, diet is crucial in preventing and combating
yeast infections. Yeast
Infection No More, a comprehensive how-to book on
naturally curing yeast infections, shares more diet information
as well as natural remedies. - Editors
Diet
is your main weapon against candida, but also the most frustrating
as you will have to give up a number of foods. Bid farewell to:
wheat, rye, milk, cheese, alcoholic or caffeinated beverages,
potatoes, honey, mushrooms, and vinegar: all these foods promote
yeast growth or can aggravate already present yeast colonies.
Keep your food well covered in the refrigerator to prevent mold
formation. When eating out, be sure to ask how a dish is prepared
and tell the server to hold any undesirable ingredients like soy
sauce or mayonnaise.
In
general, a low carbohydrate diet is preferred. Carbohydrates,
even complex ones, eventually break down to glucose (sugar) in
the digestive tract, and sugar feeds candida. Its also adviseable
to avoid the starchier vegetables like sweet potatoes, parsnips,
and winter squashes. Different people, however, have different
sensitivities. I've worked with patients who can handle wheat,
despite a candida problem. You and your body are your best guide
as to which foods to avoid. At rock bottom, however, all sugars
MUST be avoided.
Due
to the restrictions, you may be wondering at times, "What
the hell am I supposed to eat?!" Books will be listed at
the end of the article to help with food selections and recipes.
On
the positive side, assuming you have no allergic reactions, you
can enjoy all of the following: fish, poultry, meat, all vegetables,
brown rice*, eggs, seeds, all nuts except cashews and peanuts,
herb teas, beans* and lentils*, goat milk*, corn*, amaranth*,
kamut*, quinoa*, buckwheat*, oats*, and spelt*. Check with a local
health food store for sugar free breads made of kamut, millet,
or spelt and consider eating corn tortillas to replace wheat bread.
(*: moderate amounts only.) To ease their digestion, all nuts,
seeds, and whole grains should be soaked for at least seven hours
before cooking or drying. Soaking initiates the sprouting process
and breaks up the enzyme inhibitors and phytates found in these
foods.
Contrary
to popular belief, foods containing yeast may be eaten if no allergic
reactions are present. Brewer's yeast, for example, is a very
nutritious and immune enhancing food and can be eaten for nutritional
support during one's recovery.
As
your symptoms disappear, you can cautiously add back the forbidden
foods, one at a time and slowly. Do not eat any refined sugars
for at least 6 months after your recovery. Having candidiasis
once predisposes one to getting it again so be very careful after
you are well. Indulging in too many foods too quickly can, as
I can painfully attest to, cause a relapse.
HERBS
& SUPPLEMENTS
The
following herbs should assist in recovery:
Garlic
- a powerful antifungal and immune stimulant. Garlic will
also help with constipation, gas, excess mucous, and blood cleansing;
it is antiparasitic and hypotensive also. Some people are sensitive
to garlic so increase your dosage slowly to discern any unpleasant
side effects. If there are none, include it liberally in your
diet, everyday. If you prefer to take garlic tablets, look for
ones that are enteric coated to insure that the garlic is released
deep inside the intestines where candida thrives.
Golden
Seal, Barberry, Oregon Grape Root - the berberine in these
herbs is lethal to candida. Berberine is also a powerful immune
stimulant. Don't overuse golden seal as too much will irritate
the liver: take for 2 weeks on, one week off. All of these herbs
can also be used to assist digestion. Golden seal can be topically
applied to ringworm, and made into a tea for athlete's foot. These
three herbs are excellent for urinary tract problems, being diuretic,
antibacterial, and antifungal. Like wormwood, golden seal and
barberry should not be used by pregnant women.
Licorice
root - Though not antifungal, licorice will soothe the inflamed
intestines so common with candida, thus helping to prevent malabsorption
of nutrients and food allergies. Licorice also tones the adrenal
glands and helps regulate blood glucose, controlling sugar cravings.
This herb is also excellent for excessive mucous, cough, and constipation.
Astragalus
- This popular Chinese herb is excellent for stimulating the immune
system, essential for recovering from candida or any other infective
condition. Aloe Vera- a must if sufferring from fungal skin infections.
The fresh gel is effective against ringworm, jock itch, and athlete's
foot and will also help heal cracked, damaged skin. Use bottled
gel if the fresh herb is not available.
Other
useful herbs are clove, ginseng (all varieties),
ginger, pau d'arco, and cinnamon. For proper
doses, check the labels, but higher doses may be taken without
fear of toxicity except as noted above.
Tea
tree oil, from Australia and New Zealand, is very deadly to
candida and may be used topically for athlete's foot, jock itch,
and ringworm. It can also be used as a gargle or douche when mixed
with water and can be safely taken internally (3-4 drops, 3 times
a day, do not exceed this dose). Be absolutely certain the brand
you buy does NOT say "For external use only" on its
label.
Caprylic
acid, a short chain fatty acid, is extremely effective against
candida and is, fortunately, available over the counter at health
food stores. Look for a slow release formula of about 300-500
mg. and arrange for a dose of 500 to 1000 mg. with each meal.
Colloidal
silver, and the newer olive leaf extract, are excellent
antifungal agents and lethal to candida. Though expensive, my
clients have had excellent results with these products. Look for
a silver supplement of at least 40 ppm with a micron size of no
more than .001. Follow the instructions on the labels for the
correct doasages.
Oxygen
is an antifungal compound. Taking stabilized oxygen products,
like flavored peroxide combinations found in health food stores,
can also be employed in one's recovery.
The
latest in candida treatment are enteric coated essential oils.
Oregano, peppermint, and rosemary oils are
all extremely powerful against candida and some supplement companies
already have formulas using these oils on the market. Oregano
oil is estimated at being 100 times more powerful than caprylic
acid. Be prepared for some explosive diarrhea when using this
product. As the yeast cells die, the body makes every effort to
expel them.
Vitamin/mineral
supplementation is a good idea to not only insure that adequate
nutrients are ingested, but also to help the immune system fight
the infection. The following are suggested daily guidelines. For
individual needs, its best to see a health practitioner who is
familiar with approaching candidiasis: Vitamin A (as retinol and
beta carotene)- 75,000 iu; vitamin C- 3 to 5 gms.; selenium- 200
mcg.; zinc- 50 mg.; vitamin E- 400 iu; iron- 10 mg.; essential
fatty acids- 4 gms; high potency multi vitamin/mineral- 1 a day.
One
particularly useful nutrient is the free-form amino acid glutamine.
Glutamine is very pivotal in maintaining proper muscle mass, brain
function, intestinal integrity, and stable blood sugar levels.
It is often prescribed to recovering alcoholics by natural therapists
to control alcohol cravings. 1-3 grams before each meal is suggested.
Glutamine is excellent for helping to heal leaky gut syndrome,
a very common symptom of intestinal candidiasis. Also, since weight
loss is usual with severe candida infestations, this amino acid
helps protect against muscle loss. Glutamine is also very stimulating
to the immune system. Do everything you can, then, to acquire
it and be diligent about taking it.
There
are homeopathic preparations of Candida albicans on the market.
From personal and professional experience, you have to be very
careful with these products as they can cause a severe Herxheimer
Reaction, or temporary worsening of your symptoms due
to the rapid die off of yeast cells in the body. The best way
to use homeopathics is to start with a weaker preparation of about
12X potency, and gradually work your way up to more powerful doses
30C and above. A slow build up avoids the unpleasant hassle
of aggravated die off.
You
will sometimes feel like a walking medicine chest from all of
the supplements, herbs, probiotics, and antifungal products you'll
be taking. Inconvenience aside, it is necessary as candida is
a very tenacious organism. You must be persistent and unwavering
in your efforts to recover or you will get nowhere; the total
approach is necessary.
DIE
OFF
When
you take away candida's food, sugar, and attack the yeast with
herbs and supplements, it will die, causing a condition known
as die off. Die off will last from a few days to a few weeks and
the severity of symptoms will vary from person to person. Usually
present are nausea, headaches, gas, irritability, diarrhea, severe
energy loss, sugar cravings, and blurred vision.
Exercise
and water will reduce your symptoms by flushing the dead yeast
cells more quickly from your system. Use your herbs smartly as
many of those listed before can help, e.g., cinnamon or clove
tea will help allay nausea and gas, as well as help disinfect
your digestive tract.
YOUR
GREATEST WEAPON
As
a former candida sufferer, and a naturopath who has dealt with
affected individuals, I can confidently tell you that your greatest
weapons against it are your diet and your patience. Frustration
is likely to run high during your recovery as candida is an incredibly
tenacious organism. Stick it out, however, and know that you will
eventually recover for the rewards are great.
SOURCES
& RECOMMENDED READING
The
Candida Directory and Cookbook by Helen Gustafson and Helen
O'Shea. 1992; Celestial Arts Publishing.
The
Yeast Connection by William Crook, M.D.. 1986; Vintage Books.
Candida
Albicans: Could Yeast Be Your Problem? by Leon Chaitow, N.D.
1985; Thorsons, U.K.
About
the Author
The
late Stephen C. Byrnes was a Naturopathic Doctor and Clinical
Nutritionist. He wrote frequently and was the author of Overcoming
AIDS with Natural Medicine.
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