Individuals
who are obese are at increased risk of many diseases, including
type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
As
75%-95% of previously obese individuals regain their lost weight,
many researchers are interested in developing treatments to help
individuals maintain their weight loss.
A new
study, by Michael Rosenbaum and colleagues, at Columbia University
Medical Center, New York, has provided new insight into the critical
interaction between the hormone leptin and the brain's response
to weight loss.
Leptin
levels fall as obese individuals lose weight.
So,
the authors set out to see whether changes in leptin levels altered
activity in the regions of the brain known to have a role in regulating
food intake.
They
observed that activity in these regions of the brain in response
to visual food-related cues changed after an obese individual successfully
lost weight.
However,
these changes in brain activity were not observed if the obese individual
who had successfully lost weight was treated with leptin.
These
data are consistent with the idea that the decrease in leptin levels
that occurs when an individual loses weight serves to protect the
body against the loss of body fat.
Further,
both the authors and, in an accompanying commentary, Rexford Ahima,
at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia,
suggest that leptin therapy after weight loss might improve weight
maintenance by overriding this fat-loss defense.
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